4 Functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum you should know
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THE SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is with smooth appearance. It is also called agranular reticulum. It is formed by many interconnected tubules.
So, it is also called tubular endoplasmic reticulum.
FUNCTIONS OF THE SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
The 4 Functions of the Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum are:
1. Synthesis of nonprotein substances
2. Role in cellular metabolism
3. Storage and metabolism of calcium
4. Catabolism and detoxification of toxic substances.
A. SYNTHESIS OF NONPROTEIN SUBSTANCES.
The Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the synthesis of nonprotein substances such as cholesterol and steroids. This type of Endoplasmic reticulum is abundant in cells that are involved in the synthesis of lipids, phospholipids, lipoprotein substances, steroid hormones, sebum, etc. In most of the other cells, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is less extensive than the rough endoplasmic RETICULUM.
B. ROLE IN CELLULAR METABOLISM
The outer surface of smooth endoplasmic reticulum contains many enzymes which are involved in various metabolic processes of the cell.
C. STORAGE AND METABOLISM OF CALCIUM
Smooth Endoplasmic reticulum is the major site of storage and metabolism of calcium. In skeletal muscle fibers, it releases calcium which is necessary to trigger the muscle contraction.
D. CATABOLISM AND DETOXIFICATION OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES
It is also concerned with the CATABOLISM and detoxification of toxic substances like drugs and carcinogens ( cancer producing substances) in the liver.
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